EMPLOYEES’ INNOVATION ON HOSPITALITY INDUSTRIES AS REVIEWED FROM THE IMPACT OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND LEARNING ORGANIZATION

Yoel Wibowo; Yonathan Palumian; Vido Iskandar

doi:10.9744/jmp.9.1.35-45

Authors

Yoel Wibowo Petra Christian University, Surabaya
Yonathan Palumian Petra Christian University, Surabaya
Vido Iskandar Petra Christian University, Surabaya

:

https://doi.org/10.9744/jmp.9.1.35-45

Keywords:

innovative work behavior, transformational leadership, learning organization, hospitality

Abstract

Sudden disruption caused by Covid-19 and VUCA business environment has been a wake-up call for business organizations to change, adapt, and transform. Hospitality business organizations, as one of the impacted industries, require transformative leaders to create Learning Organization environment, and to set innovative organization members. This research investigates the relation between Transformational Leadership, Learning Organization, and Innovative Work Behavior particularly in Hospitality Industries (hotels and restaurants) in Surabaya. This research mainly explores theoretical gap left by the predecessor researches by adopting new scaling used especially to evaluate Transformational Leadership and Learning Organization, and methodological gap by utilizing multivariate data analysis towards the respondents’ groups. This research is designed as a descriptive quantitative study, in which data is collected through questionnaire towards the sample. This study points out that while Transformational Leadership does correlate positively with the creation of Learning Organization, it possesses no significant relationship with the establishment of Innovative Work Behavior among the leaders group. Learning Organization also does not mediate the effects between those two. Operational staff, nevertheless, still significantly and positively affected by relation as pointed out by multivariate data analysis.

Author Biographies

References

Abdillah, W., & Hartono, J. (2015). Partial least square (PLS): Alternatif Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dalam penelitian bisnis. CV Andi Offset.

Al-Zaareer, A. S., & Al-Damen, R. A. (2021). Impact of learning organization on organizational effectiveness–An applied study on Five Star hotels in Jordan–.

Anwar, R., & Niode, S. H. M. (2017, July). The effects of of learning organization towards employes' innovative behavior mediated by work engage-ment (A Study in Indonesia). In 2017 Internatio-nal Conference on Organizational Innovation (ICOI 2017) (pp. 89-94). Atlantis Press.

Aryee, S., Walumbwa, F. O., Zhou, Q., & Hartnell, C. A. (2012). Transformational leadership, innovative behavior, and task performance: Test of mediation and moderation processes. Human Performance, 25(1), 1-25.

Brazdauskas, M., & Gaigalaite, L. (2015). Sustainable hotels as learning organizations: Innovative approaches towards employee training. Innovation, 1, 99-106.

Breier, M., Kallmuenzer, A., Clauss, T., Gast, J., Kraus, S., & Tiberius, V. (2021). The role of business model innovation in the hospitality industry during the COVID-19 crisis. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 92, 102723.

Chin, W. (2009). Bootstrap cross-validation indices for PLS path model assessment. Handbook of Partial Least Squares, 1, 83-97.

De Jong, J. P., & Den Hartog, D. N. (2008). Innovative work behavior: Measurement and validation. EIM Business and Policy Research, 8(1), 1-27.

Di Schiena, R., Letens, G., Van Aken, E., & Farris, J. (2013). Relationship between leadership and characteristics of learning organizations in deployed military units: An exploratory study. Administrative Sciences, 3(3), 143–165. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci3030143

Dlamini, N. N. N., Garg, A. K., & Muchie, M. (2017). The impact of transformational leadership style on organisational commitment in the hospitality industry. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(3), 1-21.

Dumdum, U. R., Lowe, K. B., & Avolio, B. J. (2013). A meta-analysis of transformational and transac-tional leadership correlates of effectiveness and satisfaction: an update and extension. Journal of Transformation and Charismatic Leadership, 2, 39–70. https://doi.org/10.1108/s1479-357120130 000005008

Elshanti, M. (2017). Transformational Leadership Style and Organizational Learning: The Mediate Effect of Organizational Culture. https://doi.org/10.4172/2162-6359.1000483 Open

Farrukh, M., Ansari, N. Y., Raza, A., Meng, F., & Wang, H. (2021). High-performance work practices do much, but HERO does more: an empirical investigation of employees' innovative behavior from the hospitality industry. European Journal of Innovation Management.

Fernández-Mesa, A., & Alegre, J. (2015). Entrepreneurial orientation and export intensity: Examining the interplay of organizational learning and innovation. International business review, 24(1), 148-156.

Gagnon, M.-P., Payne-Gagnon, J., Fortin, J.-P., Paré, G., Côté, J., & Courcy, F. ois. (2015). A learning organization in the service of knowledge mana-gement among nurses: A case study Marie-Pierre (p. 7). p. 7. Elsevier.

Ghozali, I. (2014). Structural equation modeling, metode alternatif dengan partial least square (PLS). Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.

Gil, A. J., Carrrillo, F. J., & Fonseca-Pedrero, E. (2019). Assessing a learning organization model: A teacher’s perspective. Management in Education, 33(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/089202061 8783815

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate data analysis. Pearson Education Limited.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on Partial Least Squares Struc-tural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Thousand Oaks. Sage, 165.

Hu, H., Gu, Q., & Chen, J. (2013). How and when does transformational leadership affect organizational creativity and innovation? Critical review and future directions. Nankai Business Review International.

Izham, M., Rahman, S., & Nordin, N. (2011). School as learning organisation: The role of principal’s transformational leadership in promoting teacher engagement. World Applied Sciences Journal 14 (Special Issue of Innovation and Pedagogy for Diverse Learners), 58-63. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268287683_School_as_Learning_Organisation_The_Role_of_Principal%27s_Transformational_Leadership_in_Promoting_Teacher_Engagement#:~:text=The%20results%20have%20shown%20that,by%20the%20teachers%20are%20high.&text=This%20would%20enable%20schools%20to,lead%20them%20towards%20achieving%20excellence

Juhro, S. M. (2019). Transformational leadership: Konsep, pendekatan, dan implikasi pada pembangunan. Jakarta: Bank Indonesia Institute.

Kanten, P., Kanten, S., & Gurlek, M. (2015). The effects of organizational structures and learning organization on job embeddedness and individual adaptive performance. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 1358-1366.

Kessler, S. R., Nixon, A. E., & Nord, W. R. (2017). Examining organic and mechanistic structures: Do we know as much as we thought? International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(4), 531-555.

Kompas.com, Akibat pandemic, PHRI sebut 1.033 restoran di Indonesia tutup permanen. [Due to The Pandemic, PHRI Said 1.033 Restaurants in Indonesia were permanently closed]. [Online]. From https://properti.kompas.com/read/2021/02/ 05/183000621/akibat-pandemi-phri-sebut-1.033-restoran-di-indonesia-tutup-permanen (2021). [in Bahasa Indonesia].

Luu, T. T. (2021). Can human resource flexibility disentangle innovative work behavior among hospitality employees? The roles of harmonious passion and regulatory foci. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook.

Montavlo, W., & Veenema, T. G. (2015). Mentorship in developing transformational leaders to advance health policy: creating a culture of health. Nurse Leader, 13(1), 65-69.

Newman, A., Herman, H. M., Schwarz, G., & Nielsen, I. (2018). The effects of employees' creative self-efficacy on innovative behavior: The role of entrepreneurial leadership. Journal of Business Research, 89, 1-9.

Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2016). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Sixth Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

Northouse, P. (2012). Leadership: Theory and Practice (5th edition). Journal of Educational Administration, Vol. 50, pp. 380–383. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578231211232022

Ohunakin, F., Adeniji, A. A., Oludayo, O. A., Osibanjo, A. O., & Oduyoye, O. O. (2019). Employees’ retention in Nigeria’s hospitality industry: The role of transformational leadership style and job satisfaction. Journal of human resources in hospitality & tourism, 18(4), 441-470.

Park, Y. K., Song, J. H., Yoon, S. W., & Kim, J. (2014). Learning organization and innovative behavior: The mediating effect of work engagement. European Journal of Training and Development.

Patiar, A., & Wang, Y. (2016). The effects of trans-formational leadership and organizational commitment on hotel departmental performance. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.

Phongsichomphu, W. (2013). Factors affecting learning organization and innovative organization. https://journal.oas.psu.ac.th/index.php/asj/article/viewFile/175/117

Pimapunsri, P. (2014). Learning organization and leadership style in Thailand. The Business & Management Review, 4(4), 7.

Pui Teng, W., & Hassan, Z. (2015). The influence of transformational leadership in creating a learning organisation. International Journal of Accounting and Business Management, 4(2), 162–186. https://doi.org/10.24924/ijabm/2015.04/v3.iss1/162.186

Rijal, S. (2016). The influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on learning organization: A comparative analysis of the IT sector, Thailand. Journal of Administrative and Business Studies, 2(3), 121-129.

Seibold, M., & Gamble, K. (2015). Capacity, commit-ment, and culture: The 3 Cs of staff development in a learning organization. Psychiatric rehabilita-tion journal, 38(3), 286.

Shanker, R., Bhanugopan, R., Van der Heijden, B. I., & Farrell, M. (2017). Organizational climate for innovation and organizational performance: The mediating effect of innovative work behavior. Journal of vocational behavior, 100, 67-77.

Siregar, Z. M. E., Suryana, E. A., & Senen, S. H. (2019). Factors influencing innovative work behavior: an individual factors perspective. International Jour-nal of Scientific & Technology Research, 8(9), 324-327.

Shin, H. W., Picken, J. C., & Dess, G. G. (2017). Revisiting the learning organization: How to create it. Organizational Dynamics, 46(1), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2016.10.009

Slåtten, T., & Mehmetoglu, M. (2015). The effects of transformational leadership and perceived creativity on innovation behavior in the hospitality industry. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 14(2), 195-219.

Sparks, B. (2019). The effects of leadership styles on innovative work behavior and the role of locus of control in the manufacturing environment. Journal of Organizational Psychology Vol, 19(1), 79.

Sung, S. Y., & Choi, J. N. (2014). Do organizations spend wisely on employees? Effects of training and development investments on learning and innovation in organizations. Journal of organizational behavior, 35(3), 393-412.

Torokoff, M., & Mets, T. (2007). Patterns of learning organisation in Estonian companies. TRAMES: A Journal of the Humanities & Social Sciences, Vol. 11, pp. 139–154. https://doi.org/Article

Tortorella, G., Giglio, R., Fogliatto, F. S., & Sawhney, R. (2019). Mediating role of learning organization on the relationship between total quality management and operational performance in Brazilian manufacturers. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management.

Örtenblad, A. (2018). What does “learning organiza-tion” mean? Learning Organization, 25(3), 150–158. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-02-2018-0016

Venkateswaran, N. V. (2019). Agile and scrum technological practices among millennial generation. International Journal of Human Resource Mana-gement and Research, 9(2), 77–82. https://doi.org/10.24247/ijhrmrapr20199

Weng, R. H., Huang, C. Y., Chen, L. M., & Chang, L. Y. (2015). Exploring the impact of transformational leadership on nurse innovation behaviour: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of nursing management, 23(4), 427-439.

Wibowo, Y., Widjaja, D. C., & Foedjiawati, F. Learning organization through the internalization of transformational leadership: A study of an indone-sian school. Journal of Leadership in Organizations, 4(2).

Yaşlıoğlu, M. M., Şap, Ö., & Toplu, D. (2014). An Investigation of the Characteristics of Learning Organizations in Turkish Companies: Scale Validation. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/1078825